381
authentication3652042014458125166230286352391421470528569599658724
procedures11132042014464106166214269332399440496543
or16802042014460101
commercially18052042014449107207307362404453483542570599650
acceptable24792042014458107155210273314372434463518
authentication30212042014459125166231286352391421470528569599659725
procedures37702042014463105165214268331398440495542
agreed3652222014458119161217272335
upon7242222014467130190256
by10042222014462113
the11412222014441105161
parties13262222014463122163204234290337
involved,1687222201443096147204233285339401424
it2135222201443071
meets223022220144100155211251299
the25532222014440105160
following2737222201443896125154213300330396458
requirements:3219222201444197158225256297353453508574613660691
1.361257201574065
It481257201573175
is582257201573385
uniquely6932572015773145178245318379410466
linked1185257201573265137195255324
to15352572015744109
the16702572015744115175
signatory1871257201575285152224287332396442498
and23952572015763135203
to26252572015744108
no27602572015772136
other29232572015764109179240285
person;32342572015770130176227292364398
2.361275201575883
It481275201573175
is582275201573385
capable6932752015753117186250317349409
of11282752015765107
identifying12612752015733101162233276309351407440512579
its1866275201573378129
owner;20222752015764159231292337371
3.361293201575681
It481293201573175
is582293201573385
created693293201575399160223267328396
using11152932015773125158230297
means143829320157109169233305356
of18212932015764106
its1953293201573377129
owner21082932015765160232292338
and24722932015764135204
under27022932015773145213273319
his30472932015771104155
sole32292932015751116148208
control;34632932015753117189231277342374407
and38962932015764135204
4.361311201576494
It481311201573175
is582311201573385
linked693311201573265137195255323
to10433112015744109
the11783112015744115175
record13793112015746106159222268336
to17423112015744109
which18773112015795165198251322
it2225311201573378
relates23293112015745106137201245306357
in27133112015733105
such28443112015752125178248
a31193112015763
manner320831120157109173245317377422
that36573112015744114178222
does39063112015768133193245
not41773112015772137181
allow481329201576495126191286
modification79332920157109174242275311346399462507540605677
to14963292015744109
that16313292015744115178223
record18803292015746106159222268336
after22423292015764105148208253
signing2522329201575184151223256328395
without29433292015795128172243308381425
altering3394329201576495139200245278350417
the38373292015745115175
signature4039329201575184151223287331404450510
so4813472015752117
that6243472015744115178222
any8733472015763135189
change10893472015753123187259325385
made150134720157109172241301
after18283472015764105147208253
the21073472015745115176
time2309347201574477186247
of25823472015764106
signing2714347201575285152224257329396
is3136347201573385
detectable.32473472015768128173233286332395462494554580
In36060201442894
the478602014441105161
UAE,663602014477138194217
the904602014441105161
use1089602014467114169
and1282602014459124187
admissibility1493602014458121221251298346376439469498528569620
of213760201445997
electronic225860201445685140189230272332398428477
signatures275960201444777139205263304371412468515
is329860201443178
governed3400602014461120171225267333388451
by3875602014462113
Federal4012602014452104167222264322351
Law360782014447105192
No.1576782014478138158195
of79578201445997
2006916782014453121189253
regarding119378201444297158217258321351417478
Electronic169578201445685141189231273332398429477
Transactions219378201445794153218266324373414445504570617
and2834782014459124187
E-Commerce.304578201445692157214314414470511560615638
This3704782014457122153200
law392878201442987174
defines4150782014463118150182248304351
electronic36096201445584140188230272331397428476
signature86096201444878139205264304371413468
in135296201443197
Article1473962014467107148178227256311
(1)180896201443370103
as1935962014459106
“any2065962014444100166216
letters,230596201442984125165221262310331
numbers,2660962014466133233296351393440462
symbols,314696201444798199261320349397419
voice3589962014451109139188242
or3855962014460102
processing3981962014463105165213268316363393459520
system360114201444798146186242341
in725114201443197
Electronic846114201445685140189230272332398428477
form1347114201443895137237
applied16081142014459122186215245301363
to,19951142014441100120
incorporated2139114201443096145203245309368410468509564627
in,2790114201443096119
or29331142014460102
logically3058114201443089150180229287316345396
associated34781142014458106153213261292350391446509
with40111142014487117157222
a42571142014458
Data43391142014476134175233
Message3601322014498154201249307368423
with8071322014487118158223
the10541322014440105160
intention1238132201443197136191257296327386452
of1714132201445997
authenticating18351322014459126166231286352391421470529569599665727
or25861322014459101
approving27111322014458122185227287338368434495
the32301322014441105161
same”.34151322014447105205260304317
Article37561322014467107148178227256311
(17)4091132201443470121154
states4269132201444788146187242290
that3601502014441105164204
an5881502014458124
electronic736150201445584140189230272331397428476
signature1236150201444878139205264304371413469
shall17281502014448113171199228
be19801502014463118
treated2122150201444183138196237292355
as25011502014458105
a26301502014459
Secure27131502014455110159226268323
Electronic3060150201445685141190231273332398429478
Signature3562150201445585146212271311378420476
if,406215020144306885
through41711502014441105147207274335400
the3601682014441105161
application5451682014458121185214245293352392423482548
of1117168201445997
prescribed12381682014464106161209258300330392448510
secure17721682014448103152219261316
In360384201442894
addition,4783842014458121184214255285344410433
Article9353842014467108148179227256312
(18)1271384201443370130163
allows1458384201445887116175262308
the17903842014441105161
parties19753842014463122163204234290337
to23363842014440100
rely2460384201444297126177
on26613842014459125
an28103842014459124
electronic2958384201445685140189230272332398428477
signature3459384201444778139205263304371412468
or39513842014459101
electronic4076384201445584140189230272331397428476
authentication3604022014458125166230286352391421470528569599658724
certificate11084022014449104146186216249281330388429484
to16164022014440100
the17404022014440105160
extent19244022014456110151206272311
that22594022014441105164204
such24874022014448115163228
reliance2739402201444297126157215281329384
is3147402201443078
reasonable.3249402201444297155203262328387448477533556
It3829402201442869
also3922402201445887134193
provides41394022014464106165216247309365412
that3604202014441105164204
the5884202014441105161
relying773420201444297126177207273335
party11324202014463122163204255
in1411420201443096
respect1531420201444297145209264313354
of1909420201446098
such20314202014447114163227
signature2282420201444878139205264304371413468
shall27744202014448113171199228
bear30264202014463118176218
the32684202014441105161
legal3452420201443085146204233
consequences37094202014448106172220275336403459524573628675
of4408420201446098
its360438201443071118
failure502438201443894125154221263318
to8444382014441100
take968438201444099151206
reasonable1198438201444298156203263329387449478533
and17554382014458124187
necessary19664382014466121170224272319377419470
steps2460438201444788143207254
to27384382014441100
verify28624382014452106147178216268
the31544382014441105161
validity33394382014451107136166229259300351
and37144382014458124186
enforceability39244382014455121159217259307362420482512541572612663
of360456201445997
the4814562014441106161
certificate,6664562014449103145186216248281329388428483507
as11974562014458106
to13274562014440100
whether14514562014487151207247312367409
it1884456201443071
is1979456201443077
suspended20804562014448115162226281347410465528
or26324562014459101
revoked,2757456201444297148205258314376399
and31804562014458124187
of3391456201445997
observing35124562014459122169225266318348414476
any40124562014458123174
limitations4210456201442959159189230288360474201444171130196244
with6284742014487117158222
respect874474201444298145209264313354
to12524742014441100
the13764742014441106161
certificate.15614742014449103145186216248280329387428483507
It366510201442869
should4595102014447112171238267330
be8135102014462118
noted9555102014465125165221283
here12625102014465120162217
that15035102014441106164205
the17325102014440105160
Electronic1916510201445685141189231273332398429477
Transactions2414510201445794152218265324373414444504570617
and30555102014459124187
E-Commerce3266510201445692157214314414469511560615
law3905510201442987174
and41035102014458124186
all4313510201445887116
subsequent3665282014447114177224280341408463529568
regulations,958528201444297159226255313353384443509557578
regulatory1560528201444298159226255313354413455506
policies,20905282014464123152182231262317364386
and25005282014458124187
legal2711528201442984145203232
instruments2967528201443096144184226293393448514553601
in3592528201443096
UAE37125282014477139194
are39305282014459100156
intended4110528201443096135190256319374437
to3665462014441100
be4905462014462118
technologically632546201444095144209275334363423484514563621650679730
neutral,13865462014466121188229271329357380
hence17905462014465120186235289
the21035462014441106161
omission22885462014459159190237284315374440
of2752546201446098
a28745462014458
specific29565462014447111166215246278310359
technology3339546201444096144209275335364423484535
for3898546201443896137
secure40595462014448103152219261316
electronic366564201445584140188230272331397428476
signatures.866564201444878139205264304371413468516538
Later,3666002014447105146201243266
the6566002014440105160
UAE8406002014477139194
Federal10586002014452105167223264323351
Law14336002014447105192
No.16496002014478138158
3618316002014451115
of1970600201445997
200620916002014453121189253
amended23686002014459158214279342397460
certain28526002014449103145186244274340
provisions32166002014464106165216246294324384450497
of3737600201445997
the38586002014441106161
Evidence40436002014456106137199254320369424
Law3666182014447105192
in582618201443096
Civil702618201446696148178207
and9336182014458124187
Commercial11446182014465122222322378419468498557585
Transactions1750618201445794152218265324372414444504570617
issued2391618201443078125192248310
by27256182014463113
Federal28626182014452105167223264323351
Law32376182014447105192
No.34536182014478138158
1036356182014437105
of3764618201445997
1992.38856182014437101165218241
According41506182014467116164221263326366636201443096158
to548636201444099
this6716362014441106136183
Law,8786362014447105192208
both11106362014463122163227
electronic1361636201445685140189230272332398428477
signatures,1862636201444777139205263303370412468515537
and24236362014458124186
electronic2633636201445685140189230272332398428477
writing,31346362014487129159200230296357384
instruments3542636201443096144184226293393448514553601
and41676362014458124186
documents3666542014463122171238338393459498545
shall9356542014448112171199228
have11876542014465123173227
the14386542014441105161
same16236542014447105205260
evidential19076542014456106137199255320360390448477
weight24086542014487142172233298337
as27696542014458106
written28996542014487129159200241296362
signatures,3285654201444777139205263304371412468515537
and38466542014458124186
official4056654201446092125158206237295324
and3666722014458124187
customary5776722014448115163203263363421462513
writing11146722014487129160201231297358
and14966722014458124187
instruments1707672201443096143184226293393448514553601
respectively2332672201444197144208263312354384436489519570
if2926672201443068
they30186722014441105161211
comply32536722014448106206270299350
with36276722014487117158223
the38746722014440105160
provisions40586722014464106165216246294324384450497
prescribed3666902014464106161208257299330392447510
in900690201443096
the10206902014441106161
Federal12056902014452104167222264322351
Law15806902014446105191
No.17956902014479138158
(1)1977690201443370103
of2104690201446098
200622266902014453121189253
concerning25036902014449106172221276317384414480541
Electronic3068690201445685141189231273332398429477
Transactions.3566690201445794153218266324373414445504570617639
July38557102015741117150212
201840937102015758130172239
|43847102015735
1644717102015742111
DoIT9817133015779146179240
Newsletter12477133015783146241289321384429474536583